When black SUVs trail school buses around here, no one dismisses it
as routine traffic. And when three tough-looking Mexican men pace around
the
high school gym
during a basketball game, no one assumes they're just fans.
Fear has settled over this border town of 1,700,
about 50 miles southeast of
Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, epicenter of that
country's bloody drug war. Mexican families fleeing the violence have
moved here or just sent their children, and authorities and residents
say gangsters have followed them across the Rio Grande to apply
terrifying, though so far subtle, intimidation.
The message: We know where you are.
At schools in Fort Hancock and nearby Texas towns,
new security measures and counseling for young children of murdered
parents have become a troubling part of the day.
"I have friends with fathers who've been
annihilated," said Israel Morales, a junior at
Fort Hancock High School. "They just hug you
and start crying. It just traumatizes you."
He said school doesn't always feel safe.
"I try to be stoic," Morales said. "But it still
worries the heck out of me."
Mexican drug gangs have not fired a single shot in
Fort Hancock, and no one has disappeared. But as drug violence continues
unabated in and around
Ciudad
Juarez, residents of
Texas border towns fear it will spread their
way.
"There's been incidents of school buses followed, and
threats to some of the students and threats to some of the staff,"
Hudspeth County Sheriff's Lt. Robert Wilson said. "It's caused us to
really go on high alert."
Three mysterious men walked into the
Fort Hancock High School
gymnasium last month during a basketball game, setting off
worries that they were
drug
cartel members sent to deliver a message. Parent Maria Aguilar
said "a panic" swept through the gym and only subsided when they left.
"They walked in and they were laughing," Aguilar
said. "They were probably like, 'We'll just scare everybody.'"
Wilson said a suspicious car was noticed following a
packed school bus earlier this year. Rumors that the car belonged to
cartel members were never validated, but after other suspicious cars
were spotted, the department began following buses as a precaution.
"We don't know if it was to find out where a student
of a certain person he was looking for gets off, or to find out where he
was living," Wilson said. "We're not sure what the motivation was. But
the rumor and concern was great enough."
Schools have installed security cameras and hired an
armed off-duty sheriff's deputy to patrol its three campuses for the
first time.
Fort
Hancock is an impoverished town of rundown homes and a single
diner. Fathers of many students work as farmhands in the surrounding
alfalfa and cotton fields, but most are jobless.
Aguilar said her fourth-grade daughter shares
playground stories of "how so-and-so got killed in
Mexico this weekend," and
once asked whether a classmate's mother would be next.
One Fort Hancock High student picked up for truancy
told a judge he was too scared to go to class after witnessing a murder
in Mexico. Police say his mother and grandfather were tortured with ice
picks last week in El Pornevir, Mexico, just across the Rio Grande from
Fort Hancock. They were in critical condition in an El Paso, Texas,
hospital.
The student has resumed attending classes. School
administrators say dozens of fellow students also have relatives who
were killed or tortured in drug violence.
"A lot of time your family is involved," said Modesta Morales, Israel's
mother. "Some of the killings that happen, it's not because of the
people that were killed, it's because they're trying to reach someone.
If they can't find that someone, they're going to get their brothers,
their sisters, their nephews, their fathers — whoever they can to try
and bring that person out."
Ten miles down the road in Fabens, fliers in the teacher's lounges ask
faculty to watch for a gunman wanted for four killings in Ciudad Juarez.
He's the father of two boys at the middle school.
Paul Vranish, superintendent of the
Tornillo school district outside
El Paso, estimates that
about 10 percent of his 300 students have lost a close family member in
Mexico's drug war. One
Tornillo
High School student was gunned down in Mexico at the start of
the school year while racing back to the border, Vranish said.
Tragedy becomes so routine that students shrug off counseling.
"This is like Iraq. This is part of the landscape," Vranish said. "I'm
not in any way trying to put our kids down. It's not like they don't
have feelings. But like a soldier, you have to develop a certain amount
of callous to continue to function."
U.S. authorities say they have seen a recent uptick in asylum claims at
the port of entry in Fort Hancock, and schools here are enrolling more
students. At least seven new students enrolled in
Fort Hancock schools in
one week in March, an increase that would normally take a year or two.
Texas public
schools educate children regardless of immigration status.
"They told us themselves, there's more coming," said Hudspeth County
Constable J.R. Sierra, who now doubles as Fort Hancock's school officer.
"They're being threatened to either leave now or suffer the
consequences."
Drug-related violence in Mexico has claimed 17,900 lives since
President Felipe Calderon
declared war on the drug gangs in December 2006. In Ciudad Juarez, more
than 2,300 were killed last year alone. Powerful
drug cartels have been
battling not only authorities but each other for turf and drug routes.
Schools in northern Mexico have long had to figure out how to educate
their children amid daily shootouts that have traumatized students and
endangered staff. But American schools close to the border have been
relatively serene.
Schools in metropolitan border areas like El Paso and San Diego have
their own police forces, backed up by local law enforcement, as well as
counselors on hand to help students. Impoverished towns including Fort
Hancock and Tornillo have similar problems but fewer resources.
No U.S. schools have reported any violence tied to the drug war, and the
vast majority of border districts feel safe. Even in San Ysidro,
Calif., — right across the border from
Tijuana — superintendent Manuel Paul said
security isn't an issue despite being able to see clear into the violent
city from any San Ysidro school.
Paul said he thinks Tijuana families are running further north from the
violence.
But back in Fort Hancock, Modesta Morales said the violence has already
come to them.
"Sometimes you feel helpless. They saw their dad shot, in the head,"
Morales said. "What do you tell a 10-year-old that sees that?"
David Mikael Taclino
Inyu Web Development and Design
Creative Writer